Kovylkinsky district

Kovylkinsky district

The area is 2 012.8 km2. The population is 43.8 thousand people. (2010). The center is Kovylkino.

The region is located in the south-west of the republic in the forest-steppe landscapes of the Volga Upland, which in the east are transformed into forest landscapes of floodplain terraces and water-glacial plains. In island upland oak groves in the western part of the Kovylkinsky region, iris leafless, spring adonis, steppe cherry are found; in the pine forests along the right bank of the Moksha - open chamber, sand dune; in floodplain meadows - orchis shlomonosny, included in the Red Book of Russia, gladiolus tan. Near the reservoirs, overgrown with reeds and cattail, the mute swan, red-nosed duck, gray duck, black-eared toadstool nest. Among the protected areas are the "Livnev Cordon" tract, the pine forest of different ages in the Kovylkino forestry, the reserve of medicinal plants, the springs of the "Keredeshi" near the village of. Old Drakino and "Chapel" near. Kochelaevo.

Among the objects of material heritage in the cultural landscape are objects of federal significance: ancient settlements in the vicinity of the village of Kovilyai, villages of Krasny Shadym, Novoe Pshenevo, Rybkino; building of the former manor complex of the nobles of the Arapovs (XIX century). 143 monuments were registered in the territory of Kovylkinsky district: 59 - history, 8 - town planning and architecture, 10 - art, 66 - archeology.

Memorable dates of the district: 1780 - approval of Catherine II coat of arms Troitsk, 1930 - the organization of the first in Mordovia MTS (Kovylkinskaya); 1959 - commissioning of the plant "Avtozapchast" in the town of Kovylkino; 1961 - the beginning of the first stage of the Kovylkinsky silicate brick plant; 1962 - putting into operation the Pervomaisky meat-packing plant; 1962 - the opening of the rest home "Moksha"; 1970 - the opening of the House-Museum of the painter FV Sychkov in the village. Kochelaev.

Mineral deposits of brick loam (Kovylkinskoye, Kochelayevskoye, Troitskoe), brick clays (Shingarinskoe), claydite clays (Troitskoe), sand for silicate products (Kichatovskoye, Kochelaevskoye, Shingarinskoye), construction sands (Parapinsky) should be distinguished from minerals. On the territory of the region, the medium-coal-water aquifer with reserves of 151.1 thousand m3 / day is exploited. The mineralization of the extracted water varies in the range from 0.3 to 0.5 g / dm3. By chemical composition, they are hydrocarbonate, chloride-sulfate-hydrocarbonate calcium-sodium. The fluorine content is 1.5 - 3.2 mg / dm3, which determines the need for defluorization of the extracted water.

From south to north, the district crosses the river. Moksha, which takes tributaries to Issa, Ozhgu, Panju, Ryabka. The main source of surface water is Moksha. The catchment area in the alignment of the town of Kovylkino is 9,762 km2. At present, the river's runoff is regulated by the dam of Tokmov hydroelectric dam built in 1987. The annual flow rate of Moksha is 33.2 m3 / s, its volume is 1 047.8 million m3 per year. In the average water year, 79% of its volume passes in the spring, 14.9% in the summer-autumn and 6.1% in the winter. In the flood plain of Moksha, there are lakes of old origin.

All types of soils characteristic of Mordovia are widespread on the territory of the municipality: chernozem (35%), gray forest (35%), floodplain (12%), sod-podzolic (7%). Equally diverse is the vegetation: coniferous, mixed and deciduous forests prevail, fragments of meadow steppes occur. Under forests, about 18.0%, under bushes - 2.3% of the area.

Kovylkinsky area is agrarian-industrial. Active industrial development is associated with construction in the 1960s. electromechanical plant and factory "Avtozapchast". The industry is based on such large enterprises as Eleks (elevator), Kovylkinsky distillery plant, Universal, Kovylkinsky electromechanical plant, Khlebopek, Nadezhda (a creamery plant), Kovylkinsky silicate brick plant, Pervomaisky meat processing plant ". The electrified section of the Kuibyshev Railroad with a length of 58 km passes through the area from east to west through the town of Kovylkino. Roads of regional importance pass through the district in three directions: Ruzaevka - Insar - Kovylkino - Torbeevo; Kovylkino - Krasnoslobodsk - Yelniki; Kovylkino - Narovchat - Nizhny Lomov. The area is gasified. On its territory there are a recreation center of JSC "Biokhimik", a health-improving complex of JSC "Moksha", children's health camps.

Kovylkino is a city of republican subordination (since 1963); center of the Kovylkinsky district (since 1928). The population is 21,300 people. (2010), mostly Russian.

The city is located in the forest-steppe landscapes at the confluence of the Lashma River in Moksha. The settlement originated on the basis of the Tatar village Voskresenskaya Lashma, known since the XVII century. Activation of socio-economic development of the settlement in the late XIX century. is connected with the construction of the railway. The railway station was named after the land owner IA Arapov. In 1919 the station Arapovo was renamed into the station Kovylkino. In the city the former estate of IA Arapov was preserved - an example of the provincial manor classical architecture, the building of the former rectification plant and the water mill. In the Kovylkinsky Museum of Local History there are departments on the history of the district and the city; materials about the deserved doctor of Russia KI Moiseev, soloist of the Bolshoi Theater IM Skobtsov, sculptor MI Feokritova, artist FV Sychkova, writers TF Yakushkin, VN Radin, A. S Etc. In the museum funds paintings of the natives of the artists area FV Sychkov and VA Bednov.

The residential area of ​​the city is divided into two parts by the railway. Industrial enterprises are located mainly in the south-western, north-western and central parts of the city. The expansion of residential areas is planned in the south-west and north-west directions. The city has a dairy and electromechanical plants, enterprises of the agro-industrial complex; 5 general education, music, art school, vocational school, Kovylkinsky Construction College, Kovylkinsky branch of Mordovia State University, the central district hospital, the House of Culture.

Kochelayevo - Russian village on the river. Moksha. The form of the settlement is quarterly-street. Population 1,4 thousand people. (2010). The name is anthroponym: in its basis the Mordovian pre-Christian name Katsyalai, transformed in Russian into Kochel. In the village there is a church in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God (1854), built in the style of late provincial classicism. Kochelaevo - the birthplace of the famous artist FV Sychkov (1870-1958).

Panya is a Russian village on the same river, the left tributary of the Moksha. The population is 381 people. (2010). Monuments to soldiers who died during the Great Patriotic War, and VI Lenin were installed. Panja is the birthplace of the singer, soloist of the State Academic Bolshoi Theater of Russia IM Skobtsov (1890-1983).

Rybkino-Mokshan village on the river. Moksha. The population is 574 people. (2010). The name, perhaps, of an industrial nature: the place of catching and primary processing of fish. A monument was erected to the soldiers who died during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. In the village in 1996, the Moksha Culture Center was opened.

Kovylkinsky district

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